Early American History Up To 1865

Early American History Up To 1865 Free Online Research Papers In the early 1600’s John Smith led an expedition to the new world accompanied by gentlemen from his homeland in order to establish a new settlement called Jamestown. They came ill prepared and did not have very many tools to guarantee their success, so when they first arrived their task at hand proved to be very difficult. Aside from not having the necessary means for survival, the new settlers we constantly under attack or at constant odds with the Indians who inhabited the land when they arrived. The Algonquian Indians were headed by a fierce leader who was feared by his followers as well as some of the new immigrants to the country; his name was Powhatan. Chief Powhatan was the type of chief that could make his subordinates tremble with just one look of disapproval. He was a fierce warrior and for decades, helped the Indians maintain sovereignty over their land. His successor and half brother Opechancanough took over the task of being the leader of the Algonquian people in the event on Chief Powhatan’s untimely death. He was also a great warrior and was actually responsible for taking John Smith captive in 1608 and bringing him before the chief for judgment. This is when it is said in history that the chief’s daughter Pocahontas intervened on his behalf. Her marriage to John Rolfe brought a period of peace to Jamestown which ended abruptly when chief Powhatan died in 1618. After the Indian Massacre in 1622, Chief Opechancanough gave up on peace with the settlers and instead resorted to force to regain their power in the land. They lost the fight ultimately and the chief was shot in the back by a solider who was guardin g him. Before Chief Opechancanough was killed, however, there was another significant war going on with other Indian settlements. In 1637, an armed conflict between Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies allied with various Indian tribes against the Pequot Indians took place and was called the Pequot War. The Pequot sought to aggressively extend their land and trade control through the Connecticut river valley while other colonies were interested in the same things. The conflict ended with the Pequot people being almost comepletely exterminated. The Virginia colony was not totally free from uprisings after the Indian conflicts. In 1676 there was another unrest that is called Bacon’s Rebellion. It was led by colonist Nathan Bacon and was originated because of the taxes being imposed on citizens for the building of forts. Nathan Bacon was arrested for the disturbance but was released after his followers forced his freedom at gunpoint. Further along in history, an African American inventor named Eli Whitney revolutionized the cotton industry in the South and actually helped the North win the Civil war. He invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts and opened the door for a wave of technology that would change how the world operated. He was forced into litigation over his patents for his inventions, however, and in turn spent a lot of his profits from the inventions on court and lawyer fees. Stephen F. Austin also a very important figure in the colonization of America especially in the South. He started off running the family business which was a store in their home town but eventually was appointed judge in Arkansas. He began a colony after his father’s death in 1821 in present Fort Bend County and was known for bringing the first settlers to Texas known as the â€Å"first 300†. Our state capitol is named for him. Before we had the constitution as we know it today, there existed another document that governed us. It was called the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. It provided for orderly settlement of the western United States, made new states in the union equal to the old ones, and provided that Congress agreed that everyone had full citizenship and access to all rights. It is also sometimes known as the â€Å"old constitution† . Quock Walker was a slave who helped the state of Massachusetts take part in the first case that actually based the legality of slavery on the 1780 constitution. He sued his slave owner for assault and battery under the grounds that he was a freedman. He won fifty pounds from his case and was able to keep his freedom. Research Papers on Early American History Up To 1865Where Wild and West MeetNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2PETSTEL analysis of IndiaQuebec and CanadaBringing Democracy to AfricaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

24 Words Worth Borrowing From Other Languages

24 Words Worth Borrowing From Other Languages A few decades ago, Harold Rheingold set out to find words and phrases that, he says, may help us notice the cracks between our own worldview and those of others. According to Rheingold, Finding a name for something is a way of conjuring its existence. Its a way of making it possible for people to see a pattern where they didnt see anything before. He illustrates this thesis (a version of the controversial Sapir-Whorf hypothesis) in his book They Have a Word for It: A Lighthearted Lexicon of Untranslatable Words and Phrases (reprinted in 2000 by Sarabande Books). Drawing on more than 40 languages, Rheingold examined 150 interesting untranslatable words to borrow in order to help us notice the cracks between our own worldview and those of others. Here are 24 of Rheingolds imported words. Several of them (linked to entries in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary) have already begun migrating into English. Though its unlikely that all these words will add a new dimension to our lives, at least one or two should provoke a smile of recognition. attaccabottoni (Italian noun): a sad person who buttonholes people and tells long, pointless stories of misfortune (literally, a person who attacks your buttons).berrieh (Yiddish noun): an extraordinarily energetic and talented woman.cavoli riscaldati (Italian noun): an attempt to revive an old relationship (literally, reheated cabbage).Ã ©pater le bourgeois (French verb phrase): to deliberately shock people who have conventional values.farpotshket (Yiddish adjective): slang for something that is all fouled up, especially as the result of an attempt to fix it.fisselig (German adjective): flustered to the point of incompetence as a result of another persons supervision or nagging.fucha (Polish verb): to use company time and resources for your own end.haragei (Japanese noun): visceral, indirect, largely nonverbal communication (literally, belly performance).insaf (Indonesian adjective): socially and politically conscious.lagniappe (Louisiana French noun, from American Spanish): an ext ra or unexpected gift or benefit. lao (Chinese adjective): a respectful term of address for an older person.maya (Sanskrit noun): the mistaken belief that a symbol is the same as the reality it represents.mbuki-mvuki (Bantu verb): to shuck off clothes in order to dance.mokita (Kivila language of Papua New Guinea, noun): the truths of certain social situations that everybody knows but nobody talks about.ostranenie (Russian verb): make an audience see common things in an unfamiliar or strange way in order to enhance perception of the familiar.potlatch (Haida noun): the ceremonial act of gaining social respect by giving away wealth.sabsung (Thai verb): to slake an emotional or spiritual thirst; to be revitalized.schadenfreude (German noun): the pleasure that one feels as a result of someone elses misfortune.shibui (Japanese adjective): simple, subtle, and unobtrusive beauty.talanoa (Hindi noun): idle talk as a social adhesive. (See phatic communication.)tirare la carretta (Italian verb): to slog through dull and tedious everyday chores (literally, to pull the little cart). tsuris (Yiddish noun): grief and trouble, especially the kind that only a son or daughter can give.uff da (Norwegian exclamation): expression of sympathy, annoyance, or mild disappointment.weltschmerz (German noun): a gloomy, romanticized, world-weary sadness (literally world-grief).

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Research Paper - Essay Example Well, what happens when the economy takes a turn like it has in the past few years? Current research has shown that 75 percent of women will not marry someone who was unemployed. Having a job is an important factor when meeting a future spouse! (Gannon) Unemployment can cause a couple to feel overwhelmed, powerless and frightened. Even if you have a job, research has shown that even the profession you choose and the length of your commute can have a positive or negative impact on your relationship. It was interesting to read that certain careers like dancers, choreographers, bar tenders and roofers had some of the highest divorce rates. The professions with the lowest divorce rates were people with careers in religion, optometry, nuclear engineering and public transit. Professions with high stress were also a source of marital discord. Some careers may put a marriage at risk when they are all-consuming. (Gannon) The economic downturn in 2007 caused strain on 29% of marriages, accordi ng to University of Virginia’s Survey of Marital Generosity. The economic downturn is putting stress on couple in every income level. Many couples are seeking financial, marital and spiritual counseling to help them through these difficult times. As study conducted on 134 married couples who were seriously depressed indicating 48% showing improvements that were clinically significant, five years following the reception of sessions of weekly therapy for 26 weeks. 27% ended up being separated or divorced. The remaining percentage either exhibited no change or deteriorated relationships. Unemployment can lead to depression, illness, alcohol, drug abuse, anger and violence. A wife may resent the fact that she must now be the family’s bread-winner when her husband loses his job. A husband may no longer feel that he has what it takes to â€Å"be a man,† when he cannot be the family’s main provider. On the other hand, when a woman loses her job and has to stay, she may develop the feeling that she has been brought down the level of merely ensuring that domestic chores are taken care of, and as such view this as going back to the stereotypic era in which men fended for the family, and women cared for it. I personally know some people that are postponing or avoiding marriage due to financial reasons. It is interesting to see how the economic downturn has caused a decline in marriage rates and how the work-life balance has an interesting effect on our love lives. Sociologist W. Bradford Wilcox believes some couples are simply postponing a divorce until the economy rebounds. Manhattan divorce lawyer Jacalyn F. Barnett said that â€Å"In the past year, I have seen how the dramatic changes in our economy have had a dramatic effect on married people, especially those who have been used to earning high salaries, and many of those couples can no longer handle the stress.† (Cohen). Currently, if a couple is planning to get divorced this is a good time if they want to get out cheap because the plunging real estate prices may give them a better chance to buy out his or her spouse. The will likely be able to keep the family home for much less money than it would have cost a few years ago. (â€Å"Crisis Cuts Divorce Rates†) Education level is also linked to unemployment rates. Studies have been shown that males with high school diplomas are twice as likely to be unemployed than males with college degrees. It has also been found that those with a high school degree also

Canada national Park Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Canada national Park - Research Paper Example It was established in the year 1987 and governed by Parks Canada. The most important geographical features include the rocks, cliffs, and Grottos (caves). The dolomite rocks that can be seen in the park are important because it consist of the fossils of plants and animals. So, one can easily identify that Bruce Peninsula National Park is archeologically and ecologically important. Within Bruce Peninsula National Park, steep cliffs in Bruce Trail and the sea shore in Georgian Bay are some of the important geographical features. Koenig (2005), states that â€Å"The peninsula can be characterized as an out-of-the-way place in a cultural as well as an ecological sense† (p.11). Some of the important plant and tree species include Yellow Lady's Slipper, Maidenhair Spleenwort and Eastern White Cedar (tree). The wildlife includes wild animals like bear, birds, plants and reptiles. Besides, the most important quality of the Bruce Peninsula National Park is its closeness to Niagara Esca rpment area. So, the main features/ characteristics of Bruce Peninsula National Park qualify the same as an important national park which preserves flora and fauna without human encroachment and exploitation. B. Natural and cultural attractions at Bruce Peninsula National Park The natural attractions at Bruce Peninsula National Park are interconnected with its landscape (beaches, limestone cliffs, and forests). On the other side, the cultural attractions include the remaining of Paleozoic Era and the status as a World Biosphere Reserve within Niagara Escarpment. Besides, the facilities, natural and cultural identity, accommodation facilities and operation (proper functioning) act the role of a strong foundation to the natural and cultural attractions at Bruce Peninsula National Park. To be specific, some of the world renowned National Parks does not prove successful in attracting visitors and preserving nature. But Bruce Peninsula National Park is entirely different from other natio nal parks. I. Facilities Most of the facilities that are considered as an integral part of tourism are available at Bruce Peninsula National Park. For instance, tourists who are interested in adventure can enjoy hiking, canoeing and kayaking. The tourists who are interested in sight seeing can enjoy the flora and fauna of Bruce Peninsula National Park. Goodwin (1995), makes clear that â€Å"The Bruce’s reputation as a haven for some of the province’s rarest and most attractive plants has drawn naturalists north to the peninsula, and it is now recognized for an outstanding array of breeding birds as well† (p.77). The tourists who are interested in learning more about the national park can participate in the educational programs conducted by the park authorities. As the park is open year round, tourists can conduct different types of camps according to their interest. For instance, Front Country Camping (say, 242 campsites) is an important attraction at Bruce Peni nsula National Park. Other facilities provided by the park authorities include parking (parking lots), special care and attention for persons with disabilities and local community services (stores, groceries etc). From a different angle of view, the facilities provided by the park authorities are helpful for the tourists to choose facilities according to their needs. II. Natural and cultural identity Some of the most important places in Bruce Peninsula N

A power amplifier

A power amplifier Introduction: A power amplifier is an electronic device that changes the magnitude of a signal. It is usually used to transfer high power to a low output load such as speakers where there load is about 8 ohms [1]. The relationship between the output and input is called the transfer function. An important aspect of the amplifier is the gain. The gain is the ratio between input and output whether this input is current, voltage or power. Therefore, the gain does not have a unit. The quality of the amplifier is determined by many aspects, which are gain, bandwidth, efficiency, linearity, noise and others. As one of these characteristics increase the others may decrease. Therefore, the amplifier will be designed to meet the required specifications determined by the application for which it will be used for. The various designs of the amplifiers are classified into many types which include A,B,C,D and some other types derived by combining the basic ones such as class AB which is obtained from class A and class B pertaining to their efficiency and linearity [1]. Ideally, power amplifiers are supposed to deliver 100% of the power to the load. However, as some of the power dissipates in the components of the amplifier, hence we do not have ideal power amplifiers. It is found that the linearity has an inverse relationship to the efficiency of the amplifier. The classes A, B and C power amplifiers are considered inefficient but linear whereas the other types are considered efficient but more complex than the basic types. Class A power amplifiers are least efficient than the others. The efficiency of class B is much higher than class A, however, class C has the highest efficiency level compared to class A and B [2]. The scope of this paper is to discuss class B power amplifier in details. Class B power amplifier: This class of amplifier was developed in order to improve class A power amplifiers, which have low efficiency rating. [1-3] shows and explains the internal design, the efficiency, the advantages and disadvantages, and the applications of class B power amplifiers. Internal circuit and operation: To get a sufficiently good amplification of the input waveform in the output, a push-pull class B power amplifier configuration must be used. This configuration is based on two transistors. The term push-pull comes from the fact that two transistors in a class B amplifier conduct in alternating half-cycles of the input [1]. Moreover, there are two types of push-pull configurations, one with transformers and one without transformers [2]. A balanced centre tapped input transformer is used to split the incoming waveform signal into two equal cycles that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other. Another center-tapped output transformer is used to recombine the signals. If the transformer is ideal we can get two collector currents that flow in opposite directions, hence no magnetization of the transformer core takes place which in turn minimizes the distortion in between the two signals. Both transistors used are of NPN transistor type where their emitter terminals are connected together [2]. discusses the mechanism in which the circuit works. Primarily, when no input signal is present, both transistors are biased at cutoff. When a signal is present during the positive half cycle, the transistors base inputs are in anti-phase to each other which causes transistor TR1to become biased above cutoff due to the positive base input that drives a large collector current, while TR2 is still biased at cutoff as the base current will go negative, making the collector current decrease by an equal amount of the increase in the collector current in TR1. This will result in an amplified positive-output half cycle. When the input signal is in the negative half cycle, the same procedure is done but in opposite, resulting in TR1 returning to the cutoff state while TR2 start building until it becomes biased above cutoff. This will result in an amplified negative-output half cycle. The half cycles combine to produce an output amplified 360 degrees signal with distortion. This effect is the push-pull effect. Advantages and Disadvantages of Class B power amplifier: Class B amplifiers have an advantage over class A amplifiers which is that the collector current is zero when the input signal to amplifier is zero that cause no power dissipation in the quiescent condition which leads to higher efficiency [1]. The main goal of using power amplifiers is to generate maximum AC power to the load, while consuming the minimum DC power possible from the supply. The efficiency of class B amplifiers in all types may reach up to 75% which is much higher than class A amplifiers [2]. The equation shown above is used to calculate the percentage efficiency of all power amplifiers. Pout is the power delivered to the load and PDC is the power taken from the supply. Class B amplifiers has one main disadvantage which is the high distortion that occurs in the output signal. This type of distortion is called the crossover distortion [2]. This distortion occurs when the transistors are switching over from one to another. Each transistor requires minimum voltage VBE which is about 0.7V to conduct. When one transistor is turning off by having VBE less than 0.7V and the other transistor is turning on but still the input voltage is not greater than VBE, the resulting is a zero voltage â€Å"flat spot† on the output wave shape as it crosses over from one half of the waveform to the other [2, 3].According to [2], the crossover distortion cause a reduction in the overall peak to peak value of the output waveform causing the maximum power output to be reduced. Hence, class B power amplifiers today are not used in many applications; it is only used as an audio amplifier. There are many ways to get rid of crossover distortion effect, but the most commo n one is to bias both the transistors at a point slightly above their cut-off point [1, 2]. This will lead us to class AB Amplifier circuit which is out of this paper scope. Application: The cost of class B amplifier is not high; therefore it is used in low budget designs. Furthermore, it is used in designs where the quality of the sound is not important because of the distortion it provides [3]. However, class B amplifier is preferred in designing audio power amplifiers [3]. [3] reveals that most of the time the music will be low so the signal will act as if it is in class A region. This means that the distortion will not be that bad. Moreover, the distortion can be minimized by using a negative feedback loop [3]. [3] also emphasizes that the sound power produced by this amplifier is huge and it can be run without heat sinks. Conclusion: This research was conducted in order to investigate the properties of class B power amplifier. First an overview about power amplifiers was considered in order to develop a better understanding about the reasons behind classifying them to many types. It was found that each class has its own application which it suits for. This is determined according to many aspects such as linearity and efficiency which are inversely proportional. Class B was found to be higher in efficiency compared to class A but less in linearity. Looking into the configuration of class B, it was found that class B amplifier has two possible configurations, one with a transformer and the other without the transformer. Both configurations works with two transistors where each one conducts for a half cycle (180 degrees), which gives the opportunity to the other transistor to cool. However, the configuration where the amplifier does not have a transformer is more efficient because less energy is lost in elements as a result of eliminating the transformer core. Class B amplifier was found to be used in low cost designs and designs where the clarity of the voice is not important. The crossover distortion can be removed by using a negative feedback loop or bias both transistors at a point slightly above their cut-off point, which is the idea of class AB power amplifier.

What I Most Appreicate About My Grandmother

S. Day GENENG 103-201 April 5, 2012 5 paragraph essay Everyone has something in their life that they appreciate, for instance their mom, family, kids or their job. Whatever the case be, always appreciate the better things in life. So always keep a good mind setting and a positive attitude. There are a lot of things that people fail to realize that are most appreciative. What I most appreciate about my grandmother is how much she entertains, motivates and supports her family. At times my granny can be entertaining to me. She loves to tell stories to us about how she grew up in the south.She also has a temper so sometimes when someone says or does something she doesn’t like she will snap out on them. It’s only funny to me when I’m not the one getting grilled. In addition, to that she will sit and lecture anybody about whatever, so don’t do or say anything that will set her off. When she gets to talking it is too late to turn around and walk away because she will go on and on about it until she proves her point. Regardless of her snapping and lectures granny can be a loving and caring person. She loves church and is in the choir on Sundays.Everyone at her church loves to her sing solo, so she walks around the house and practicing her songs. I love how entertaining she can be, so anyone in need of some entertainment just comes to grannies house its always live. As kind-hearted as my granny is, she also has the quality of being a motivator. Throughout my life she always motivated me to do well in school and pushed me to be the best I can be. She always told me to â€Å"Leave those boys alone and get your education!! †. Even though I didn’t listen, I still kept that in mind and still received my diploma and now enrolled in college.I love it when she tells everyone at her church how proud she is of me. She lets everyone know that I made the Dean’s list while I was in high school. However, I believe that when she is gone , I’m going to be the one that motivates everyone in the family, because my granny has taught me a lot and made me the smart, beautiful young lady that I am today. I know deep down inside she wants all her grandchildren to be successful in life. Even though she doesn’t tell us, she wants to proud of all of us since her children are all grown up.From the love and the care of my granny, to the helping hand that will remain grateful, and the motivation she gives me, I truly love Canzinetta Webb and believe she is one of the best things that ever happen to me. My family and my granny are equally important to me but my granny is like the back bone of our family. Although I’m her grandchild she took me into her home as if I was her own. For this reason, I love her so much, because she didn’t want to see me go into foster care. She works hard to provide for me and my family. There’s always food on the table and clothes on our backs.Obviously, my granny is the back bone of our family because every Sunday my granny cooks a big dinner and all my family comes to our house to eat. I love Sundays because that’s when I get to see my other family I haven’t seen in a while. So when everyone leaves they will be leaving with a smile and a full stomach, maybe even a plate to-go. Yet, she supports her family however, whenever help is needed she is always been there for whoever family or not. For example, my aunt was a short a couple hundred dollars on her light bill, my granny was willing to help her pay the rest so her lights wouldn’t be off.Clearly my granny plays a big role in our family, she is a wonderful person and anyone would begin to love her once they got to know her. There are a lot of things that people fail to realize that are most appreciative. Appreciating your life is about being grateful for the people that are in your life that make it better, and the things that you have, even if they may not be everything in which you may desire. We must be able to prefer to appreciate the things we cannot have instead of trying to appreciate things that we would not be able to appreciate.

Retail Report on Coach Inc Report

Coach Inc. designs, produces and markets a prestigious line of handbags, briefcases, wallets and wristlets, shoes for men and women, jewelry, apparel and accessories. They also offer tops for women. Their products are majorly leather based. The company has been one of the best handlers of leather brands in the United States of America for a very long period of time. They have an extensive overseas marketing strategy and have in the recent years explored markets abroad. It has sold sturdy leather purses in unchanging traditional classic styles for a very long period of time. Coach Inc. has partnered with some companies for the acquisition of different licenses. The companies include: Movado for watches which is a global license, Jimlar for footwear which is only available in the US and Marchon for eyewear available worldwide. Their target market cuts across all divides. For a long time, the company has been targeting the female but the trend has changed of late whereby their new market target is the males. The main aim for this shift is to change the image and reposition the company as a full range accessory maker and not just handbag manufacturer. This was a very good strategy and provided about 40% of the company’s sales. Coach achieved this by openning an only men store in New York City. The company’s major sales are derived from direct-to-consumer channels. The company’s global market is also their new target market. This is attributed to the fact that they are carrying out an extensive global marketing programme which is aimed at boosting their sales globally. Several stores have also been opened outside the United States in order to capture the overseas market. The basic strategy for the expansion is to add the number of products that bear the name Coach and the number of customers buying these products. Coach has been spending a lot of time doing market research to carefully identify their main customer target. A lot of resources has been spent carrying out international research which has given them a positive result. They have an approach that is customer oriented and has enabled the organization to mount hands-on response to the recent economic downturn. Coach Inc’s major competitors are Dooney and Bourke, Kate Spade, Gucci, Prada, Wilsons the leather Experts, Kenneth Cole, Hermes, Jones Apparel, Liz Claiborne and Polo Ralph. The major companies here are either owned privately or by other European conglomerates manufacturing leather luxury brands. Other competitors include: Louis owned by LVMH Moet Hennessy and Fendi owned by Gucci group. Another group offering competition here are the leather manufacturing companies which tend to imitate what Coach Inc is producing. Examples of such companies are Ann Taylor and Laura Leather Goods which imitated the Coach Inc’s products and had to pay for the damages caused. I am very optimist that Coach Inc. will succeed because they have a good strategy to reach all corners of its market. This is evident just from the types of items that they manufacture and just from the powerful brand name that they posses in the leather industry. Â  Their products are carefully designed so that almost every age group can get a taste of the products produced here.